CTEVT | Surveying-II | Diploma in civil | Question paper | 2nd year / 2nd part / 4th semester diploma in civil engineering
Management Question paper- 2077
Management Question paper- 2079/80
Solution of Management 2079/2080 paper
1. a) Meaning of Organization and Purpose of Forming an Organization
Meaning of Organization: An organization is a group of people who come together to achieve a specific purpose or goal through structured and coordinated efforts.
Purpose of Forming an Organization:
- To achieve specific goals and objectives.
- To divide and coordinate tasks effectively.
- To enable the efficient use of resources.
- To establish a clear hierarchy and accountability.
- To foster collaboration and teamwork.
1. b) Definition of Management and Process of Management
Definition of Management: Management is the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling resources (human, financial, material, and informational) to achieve organizational goals effectively and efficiently.
Process of Management:
- Planning: Setting objectives and determining the best course of action.
- Organizing: Allocating resources and assigning tasks to achieve plans.
- Leading: Guiding and motivating employees to work towards goals.
- Controlling: Monitoring performance and making adjustments as needed.
2. a) Definition of Selection and the Selection Process
Definition of Selection: Selection is choosing the most suitable candidate for a specific position from a pool of applicants.
Selection Process:
- Initial screening.
- Application form review.
- Employment tests.
- Interview.
- Background checks.
- Medical examination.
- Job offer.
2. b) Definition of Leadership and Sources of Leadership Power
Definition of Leadership: Leadership is the ability to influence and guide individuals or groups toward achieving common goals.
Sources of Leadership Power:
- Legitimate Power: Based on position or authority.
- Reward Power: Ability to give rewards.
- Coercive Power: Ability to impose penalties.
- Expert Power: Based on knowledge or skills.
- Referent Power: Derived from personal traits or charisma.
3. a) Definition of Motivation and Douglas McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y
Definition of Motivation: Motivation is the process of stimulating people to take action to achieve goals.
Theory X and Theory Y:
- Theory X: Assumes employees are inherently lazy and need strict supervision and control.
- Theory Y: Assumes employees are self-motivated and thrive on responsibility.
3. b) Definition of Procurement and Objectives of Cost Accounting
Procurement: The process of acquiring goods, services, or works from external sources, ensuring they meet organizational needs.
Objectives of Cost Accounting:
- Determine the cost of production.
- Control costs.
- Aid in decision-making.
- Assist in budgeting.
- Ensure profitability.
4. a) Definition of Incentives and Their Importance
Definition of Incentives: Incentives are rewards or benefits given to employees to motivate and improve their performance.
Importance:
- Boosts employee morale.
- Increases productivity.
- Encourages loyalty.
- Reduces turnover.
4. b) Importance of Training
- Enhances employee skills and knowledge.
- Increases productivity and efficiency.
- Prepares employees for higher responsibilities.
- Reduces errors and accidents.
- Boosts employee morale and satisfaction.
5. a) Definition of Material Management and Its Importance in Civil Engineering
Definition of Material Management: Planning, acquiring, storing, and utilizing materials to ensure availability and cost-efficiency.
Importance in Civil Engineering:
- Reduces material wastage.
- Ensures timely project completion.
- Lowers project costs.
- Maintains quality standards.
5. b) Role of Human Resource Management (HRM)
HRM ensures the smooth functioning of an organization by:
- Recruiting the right talent.
- Training and developing employees.
- Managing employee relations.
- Motivating employees.
- Aligning workforce with organizational goals.
6. Short Notes (Any Four)
i) Final Account: The financial statements prepared at the end of an accounting period, including the trading account, profit and loss account, and balance sheet.
ii) Purpose of Maintaining Labor Relation: To ensure harmonious working conditions, minimize conflicts, and promote cooperation between management and workers.
iii) Elements of Cost:
- Direct Materials: Raw materials used in production.
- Direct Labor: Wages of employees directly involved in production.
- Overheads: Indirect expenses like rent and utilities.
iv) Bookkeeping: The systematic recording of financial transactions in an organization.
v) Objectives of Storekeeping:
- Ensure the availability of materials.
- Prevent overstocking or understocking.
- Protect materials from damage or theft.
- Maintain accurate records.
