CTEVT | Computer Network | Question paper diploma in computer | 5th-semester diploma in computer ctevt
Program: Diploma in Computer / Information Technology
year/ part: III/I
Subject(Computer Network)
Question paper of computer network 2075
Year/Part: III/I | Pass Marks: 32
Subject: Computer Networks Time: 3hrs
Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable.
The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Attempt Any Six questions.
1. What is a Computer Network? Explain the various applications of Computer Networks.
2. Explain the TCP/IP reference model. Differentiate it with the OSI reference model.
3. What is propagation time and transmission time ? Difference between client-server and peer-to-peer Network Architecture
4. Define transmission media. Mention about the type of transmission media with its major attributes.
5. Define network devices. Describe the Router and Repeater
6.Explain IEEE 802.4(Token Bus) Lan Architecture.
7. For an IP address192.168.100.0/27.calculate the following
a) Required subnet mask b) Network address
c) Broadcast address d)Usable host range in a network
8. Define Static and dynamic routing. Explain the various classes of IP addresses.
9. Write down the function of the application layer. Describe about RIP and ICMP
10. differentiate between
a)Switch and Hub
b) Connection-oriented and Connectionless Service
11. Write short notes on :(any two)
a)TCP/UDP
b)Subnetting
Paper solution of Computer Network Diploma in Computer Engineering
1. What is a Computer Network? Explain the various applications of Computer Networks.
Computer Network:
A computer network is a set of interconnected computers that communicate with each other and share resources such as files, printers, and internet connections. Networks can be classified based on their geographic scope, including Local Area Networks (LANs), Wide Area Networks (WANs), and Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs). They facilitate data exchange, collaboration, and resource sharing among connected devices.
Applications of Computer Networks:
File Sharing: Networks allow users to share files and resources seamlessly, enhancing collaboration and information access.
Communication: Email, messaging, and video conferencing services rely on computer networks, enabling real-time communication and collaboration.
Internet Access: Networks connect users to the internet, providing access to a vast array of information, services, and online resources.
Remote Access: Networks enable remote access to files and applications, allowing users to work from different locations.
Printing Services: Networked printers allow multiple users to print documents from various devices.
Distributed Computing: Networks support distributed computing models, allowing tasks to be distributed across multiple connected computers.
Online Gaming: Multiplayer online games utilize networks to connect players globally, facilitating real-time gaming experiences.
E-commerce: Online shopping, banking, and financial transactions rely on secure computer networks for data transfer.
2. Explain the TCP/IP reference model. Differentiate it with the OSI reference model.
TCP/IP Reference Model:
The TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) reference model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system into four abstraction layers: Link, Internet, Transport, and Application.
Link Layer: Concerned with the physical and data link aspects of network communication.
- Internet Layer: Manages the addressing and routing of data packets between devices across different networks.
- Transport Layer: Ensures end-to-end communication and reliable data transfer between devices.
- Application Layer: Provides network services directly to end-users and applications.
Difference with the OSI Model:
- The TCP/IP model combines the OSI model's physical and data link layers into the Link layer.
- The application layer of the TCP/IP model is similar to the combined OSI model's presentation and application layers.
- The transport layer in TCP/IP corresponds to the transport layer in OSI.
- The TCP/IP model has fewer layers (four) compared to the seven layers in the OSI model.
3. What is Propagation time and transmission time? Difference between client-server and peer-to-peer Network Architecture.
Propagation Time: Propagation time is the time it takes for a signal to travel from the sender to the receiver in a communication system. It depends on the distance between the two devices and the propagation speed of the medium.
Transmission Time: Transmission time, also known as transfer time, is the time it takes to push all the bits of a packet into the link. It includes both the propagation time and the time to push the bits onto the link.
Difference between Client-Server and Peer-to-Peer Network Architecture:
Client-Server:
- Centralized: A central server provides resources and services to multiple clients.
- Role Distribution: Servers handle centralized tasks, and clients request services.
- Scalability: Easier to scale and manage, suitable for larger networks.
- Examples: Web servers, file servers, database servers.
Peer-to-Peer:
- Decentralized: Devices (peers) share resources and services directly.
- Role Distribution: All devices can act as both clients and servers.
- Scalability: More challenging to manage in large-scale networks.
- Examples: File sharing networks, and collaborative platforms.
4. Define Transmission Media. Mention the type of transmission media with its major attributes.
Transmission Media:
Transmission media are the physical channels or paths that carry signals from the sender to the receiver in a communication system. They can be classified into two main types: guided (wired) and unguided (wireless).
Types of Transmission Media:
Guided (Wired) Transmission Media:
- Twisted Pair Cable:
- Coaxial Cable:
Major Attributes: High data transfer rates, used for cable television and networking.
- Optical Fiber:
Major Attributes: High bandwidth, immunity to electromagnetic interference, suitable for long-distance communication.
Unguided (Wireless) Transmission Media:
- Radio Waves:
Major Attributes: Wireless communication, used in broadcasting and mobile communication.
- Microwaves:
Major Attributes: High-frequency radio waves, are used in point-to-point communication.
- Infrared Waves:
Major Attributes: Short-range wireless communication, used in remote controls and some networking applications.
5. Define Network Device. Describe the Router and Repeater.
Network Device:
A network device is a physical or virtual device that facilitates communication and connectivity in a computer network. These devices are responsible for transmitting, receiving, and managing data within the network.
Router:
Function: Routers operate at the network layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model and are responsible for forwarding data packets between different networks. They use logical addressing (IP addresses) to make routing decisions.
Attributes:
- Routing: Determines the best path for data packets to reach their destination.
- Network Address Translation (NAT): Translates private IP addresses to a public IP address for internet communication.
- Firewall: Provides security by filtering and controlling network traffic.
Repeater:
Function: Repeaters operate at the physical layer (Layer 1) and are used to extend the reach of a network by amplifying and retransmitting signals.
Attributes:
- Signal Regeneration: Amplifies weak signals to overcome attenuation and extend the transmission distance.
- Simple Operation: Operates at the lowest layer and does not interpret or modify the data being transmitted.
6. Explain IEEE 802.4 (Token Bus) LAN Architecture.
IEEE 802.4 (Token Bus) LAN Architecture:
Topology: Token Bus uses a physical bus topology.
Access Method: It employs a token-passing access method, where a token is passed from one device to another, granting the right to transmit data.
Operation:
- Devices can only transmit data when they possess the token.
- Devices with data to transmit wait for the token to circulate to them before sending their data.
Advantages:
- Fair access to the network, as each device has a chance to transmit when it holds the token.
- Suitable for deterministic communication in real-time systems.
Disadvantages:
- Single point of failure: If the token is lost, the network can halt.
- Complexity in managing token passing.
7. For an IP address 192.168.100.0/27, calculate the following:
a) Required Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.224
b) Network Address: 192.168.100.0
c) Broadcast Address: 192.168.100.31
d) Usable Host Range in a Network: 192.168.100.1 to 192.168.100.30
8. Define Static and Dynamic Routing. Explain the various classes of IP addresses.
Static Routing:
Definition: Static routing is a routing method where network administrators manually configure the routing table with fixed paths to reach destination networks.
Advantages: Simple to configure, less overhead on the router.
Disadvantages: Lack of adaptability to network changes, manual intervention required for updates.
Dynamic Routing:
Definition: Dynamic routing allows routers to dynamically learn and update routing information using routing protocols.
Advantages: Adaptability to network changes, and automatic updates.
Disadvantages: Higher overhead due to continuous routing updates, and more complex configuration.
Classes of IP Addresses:
Class A (1.0.0.0 to 126.255.255.255):
- Supports a large number of hosts.
- Default subnet mask: 255.0.0.0.
Class B (128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255):
- Supports a moderate number of hosts.
- Default subnet mask: 255.255.0.0.
Class C (192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255):
- Supports a smaller number of hosts.
- Default subnet mask: 255.255.255.0.
Class D (224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255):
- Reserved for multicast groups.
Class E (240.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255):
- Reserved for experimental purposes.
9. Write down the function of the application layer. Describe RIP and ICMP.
- Uses the Bellman-Ford algorithm.
- Measures distance in the number of hops.
- Periodic updates and route advertisements.
- Limited to small to medium-sized networks.
- ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol):
- Used for sending error messages and diagnostics.
- Commonly associated with tools like Ping and Traceroute.
- Helps routers and hosts communicate network-related issues.
10. Differentiate between:
a) Switch and Hub:
- Operates at the data link layer (Layer 2).
- Examines the MAC address to forward data only to the specific port.
- Provides full-duplex communication, reducing collisions.
- Supports VLANs for network segmentation.
- Operates at the physical layer (Layer 1).
- Broadcasts data to all connected devices.
- Operates in half-duplex mode, leading to potential collisions.
- Does not support VLANs.
- Establishes a connection before data transfer.
- Ensures reliable and ordered data delivery.
- Examples include TCP in the transport layer.
- Sends data without prior connection setup.
- Does not guarantee ordered or reliable delivery.
- Examples include UDP in the transport layer.
11. Write short notes on:
a) TCP/UDP:
- Connection-oriented protocol.
- Ensures reliable and ordered data delivery.
- Provides error checking and flow control.
- Suitable for applications requiring guaranteed data delivery, such as file transfer and web browsing.
- Connectionless protocol.
- Does not guarantee reliable or ordered data delivery.
- Lower overhead and faster transmission.
- Suitable for real-time applications like video streaming and online gaming.
- Choose an appropriate subnet mask.
- Divide the IP address space into subnets.
- Allocate subnets to different network segments.
- Implement routing between subnets for communication.
- Subnetting provides scalability and flexibility in network design.
Good Luck
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